What is the meaning of Banî Israel (The Sons of Israel)?
The followers of the prophet Jacob (Ya’qub), father of prophet Joseph, are called Banî Israel (Israelites). Banî Israel had lived in Egypt since the days of the prophet Joseph.
Who was Pharaoh (Fir’awn)?
The name Pharaoh was a general attribute for the kings and rulers of Egypt. But specifically when the Qur’an refers to name Pharaoh, it means Ramses II to whom Moses was sent. This ruler of Egypt looked upon Banî Israel as foreigners and treated them harshly.
When was Moses born?
Moses, son of Imran, was born in Egypt 450 years after Joseph (Yusuf) during the critical time when the rulers of Egypt were scared that one day the Banî Israel would grow in number and be powerful. So, Pharaoh ordered to kill every male child born in the Family of Israel (Qasas 28: 4-6).
Because the men of Pharaoh were looking for every newly born child of Banî Israel to kill Moses mother wanted to hide him. She managed to conceal him for three months and when she could not manage any more she was inspired by Allah to put Moses into a specially made box and threw it into the river. (Ta-Ha 20: 3 ); (Anfal 8: 39)
Moses’ sister Mary (Maryam) was asked to watch the floating box from a distance to avoid suspicion. (Qasas 28: 11)
When the box reached the other shore, one of the members of Pharaoh’s family picked it up and Moses was then taken to Pharaoh’s wife and she was very glad to have the baby and adopted him. Because he was a lovely baby boy. (Qasas 28: 8-9)
Moses’ sister went to Pharaoh’s palace and suggested a nanny to look after the baby, a woman who would be suitable to suckle him. This woman was none other than Moses’ mother. (Qasas 28: 12)
So Moses came back to his mother’s lap in this way, it has been proved that none could destroy a person whom Allah would protect.
Moses was growing up in Pharaoh’s house and during this time he came across an Egyptian who was beating an Israelite. Moses gave the Egyptian a blow and killed him accidentally (Qasas 28: 15). Thus Moses left Pharaoh’s house and went to Midian.
Moses stayed there (Midian) for ten years before moving on to Tuwa, a valley at the foot of the mountain Tur Sinai. Here Moses was given the Divine-guidance by Allah and was selected as a Messenger of Allah. (Qasas 28: 30)
The Hill of Mountain
at Tur Sinai in Egypt
What did Allah bestow on Moses?
Allah bestowed on Moses two Miracles.
1) A ‘rod’ which when thrown down would turn into a living serpent.
2) And the ability to make his hand shine, after it was drawn out from under his arm. (Ta-Ha 20: 17-22)
Who was Aaron (Harun)?
Aaron is Moses’ brother. Moses begged Allah to make his brother Aaron his helper and Allah granted his prayer. Because Moses had a speech defect, Aaron would help him. (Ta-Ha 20: 24-36)
Why did Moses and Aaron go to Pharaoh?
Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and they argued with him, telling him that Almighty Allah had chosen Moses to save the Israelites (Ta-Ha 20: 47-54) He would rescue them from the oppression of the Egyptians. Pharaoh refused to let the Israelites go.
When Pharaoh made fun of Moses, Moses showed his signs to impress upon that his message was true.
Moses threw his rod on the ground and it changed into a serpent. Moses picked it up and it turned again into a rod. Pharaoh and his followers were amazed to see this. Pharaoh and his magicians could hardly believe their eyes and his magicians bowed to the truth and they professed their faith in Allah.
Thus Pharaoh became angry and began to torture the Banî Israel even more.
When Pharaoh began to torture the Banî Israel. It was during this time that Allah commanded Moses to leave Egypt with his followers (Ta-Ha 20: 77).
Moses asked his followers to get ready and they set out at night to avoid Pharaoh’s notice and reached the shore of the Nile. They were chased by Pharaoh and his soldiers.
When Pharaoh and his soldiers almost reached the Moses and his followers at this moment that (in front of them was the mighty Nile and behind were Pharaoh’s soldiers). Allah ordered Moses to throw his rod in the water. And as he did so, The Nile was divided into two and a road was ready in the middle, allowing the Israelites to cross it. (Shuara 26: 52-65).
Pharaoh was following, but when the Israelites reached the other shore and Pharaoh was in the middle of the Nile, water from both sides suddenly poured in and the road was no longer there. Pharaoh and his soldiers were drowned in this way. This is how Allah punishes transgressors and helps his devout servants.
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