The central concept in Islam, as reflected in the Shahadah, is Tawhîd, or Oneness of God. For Muslims, there is but One God who is Lord and Sovereign of Creation, and devotion, allegiance, and obedience must first of all be to Him. This view serves as the foundation from which the basic beliefs of Islam emanate, since God is recognized as the Source for all knowledge and understanding. More specifically, the beliefs of Muslims are delineated and described in the Qur’an and in the sayings and traditions of Prophet Muhammad. The practice of Islam is based upon belief in One God (Allah), creations (humanly perceived and unperceived) of God, prophetic leadership, revealed guidance, and a Day of Judgement, the details of which are provided below.
The full meaning of Faith and Belief in Islam is not, by any means, something nominal or mere formality. Faith in Islam is a state of happiness acquired by virtue of positive action and constructive conceptions as well as dynamic and effective measures.
The Holy Qur’an and the traditions of Muhammad define these required measures and establish the standards which build up a meaningful Faith. Thus, the true believers are:
1) Those who believe in God, His angels, His Books as completed by the Qur’an, His messengers with Muhammad being the Last of them all, the Day of Final Judgement, the absolute knowledge and wisdom of God.
2) Those who trust God always and enjoy unshakable confidence in Him.
3) Those who spend in the way of God of what He has given them in the form of wealth, life, health, knowledge, experience, and so on.
4) Those who observe their daily prayers regularly as well as the weekly and annual congregations.
5) Those who pay their religious taxes (alms or Zakah) to the rightfull beneficiaries (individual or institutions), the minimum of which is two and a half percent of the annual ‘net’ income, or of the total value of stocks if in business-after discounting all expenses.
6) Those who love God and His Messenger most, and love their fellow men sincerely for the sake of God alone.
7) Those who say the truth and engage in good talk, or else abstain.
It is clear that the very meaning of Faith makes Islam penetrate deeply and constructively into every aspect of life. According to Islam, true Faith has a decisive effect on the spiritual and material lot of man, and also on his personal and social behaviour.
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